United States University Test of Homogeneity of Variance Discussion Paper

1. Use the SPSS data file attached. Suppose you are interested in evaluating whether the overall GPA of students differs according to student gender (Gender) and whether the student GPA has increased or decreased since the previous semester (Change in GPA).

1. Clearly state your research questions followed by their corresponding null and alternative hypotheses.
2. Test all assumptions for ANOVA and report the results. Do you need to make any data transformations?
3. Conduct the ANOVA and provide a short summary of the results? Did you find any interaction effects? Explain.
4. Restate your findings as you would report in your dissertation (in APA format).

2. Enter the following data into SPSS. The data shows final grades earned by 48 students in two statistics classes taught by two professors. Each professor has taught three (3) classes; on-ground, hybrid, and online. Students were randomly assigned. The goal of the study was to find whether there are meaningful differences in student grades across different modalities. After entering the data in SPSS, answer the following questions

1. Identify the independent (factors) and dependent variables.
2. State the null and alternative hypotheses.
3. Perform a factorial ANOVA in SPSS.
4. Report your results and state your conclusion regarding the hypotheses.
5. Report the effect sizes (?2) for any of the significant factors.
6. If applicable, conduct a post-Hoc test to determine which group means (if any) differ significantly from one another.
7. Plot the results using an appropriate graph, putting the modality on the horizontal axis.
8. Restate your findings as you would report in your dissertation (in APA format).